Basic Horticulture Terms

Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Respiration, Germination, Fertilization, Hybridization, Pollination, Pruning, Grafting, Propagation, Cultivar, Variegation, Botany, Horticulture, Arboriculture, Agronomy, Permaculture, Biennials, Perennials, Annuals, Composting, Vermicomposting, Hardiness, Organic Gardening, Landscape, Topiary, Tissue Culture, Flora, Fauna, Turf

Plant Anatomy and Physiology

  • Abscission

  • Adventitious Root

  • Allelopathy

  • Anther

  • Apical Dominance

  • Apical Meristem

  • Axil

  • Bark

  • Branch

  • Bract

  • Bud

  • Bud Scale

  • Bulb

  • Bulbil

  • Bundle Sheath Cell

  • Calyx

  • Cambium

  • Canopy

  • Capillary Action

  • Carpel

  • Catkin

  • Cellular Respiration

  • Chlorophyll

  • Chloroplast

  • Chromoplast

  • Cladophyll

  • Collenchyma

  • Companion Cell

  • Compound Leaf

  • Conifer

  • Corm

  • Cormel

  • Corolla

  • Cortex

  • Cotyledon

  • Cuticle

  • Cytoplasm

  • Dicotyledon: Dicotyledon, abbreviated as dicot, represents one of the two major groups of flowering plants (angiosperms), distinguished by having two embryonic leaves or cotyledons in the seed at germination. Characteristically, dicots exhibit a net-like vein structure in their leaves and usually possess a taproot system with one main root from which smaller lateral roots emerge. The floral structure often has petals in multiples of four or five, and in the stem, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring. This group encompasses many plants, including common trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, playing crucial roles in ecosystems and significantly contributing to human livelihood through food crops, medicinal plants, and ornamental plants. Understanding dicots is vital for various fields, including agriculture, horticulture, and botanical studies, aiding in plant identification, crop management, and improving yield.

  • Drupe: A drupe is a type of fruit characterized by a fleshy outer layer enveloping a hard shell or pit, which in turn encases a single seed. The outer layer, known as the exocarp, is usually soft and succulent, while the inner hard shell, called the endocarp, protects the seed inside. This unique structure distinguishes drupes from other fruit types, providing a natural armor for the seed until it's ready for germination. Common examples of drupes include peaches, plums, cherries, and almonds. Drupes are often celebrated not just for their culinary versatility but also for their nutritional offerings, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet.

  • Endosperm

  • Epidermis

  • Ethylene

  • Evergreen

  • Fern: A frond is a large, divided leaf, usually found on ferns and some palms, characterized by a central support stem known as the rachis. Physically, fronds exhibit an array of designs – from the intricate, linear spread of pinnate, feather-like leaflets to the broad, radiating segments of palmate, fan-shaped patterns.

  • Filament

  • Fibrous Root

  • Flower

  • Flowering Plant

  • Frond

  • Fruit

  • Gametophyte

  • Guard Cell

  • Gymnosperm

  • Haustoria

  • Herbaceous

  • Hilum

  • Hydrophyte

  • Hypocotyl

  • Inflorescence

  • Internode

  • Involucre

  • Lateral Bud

  • Lateral Meristem

  • Leaf

  • Legume

  • Lenticel

  • Lignin

  • Meristem

  • Mesophyll

  • Ovary

  • Petal

  • Phloem

  • Pistil

  • Pollen

  • Root

  • Rhizome

  • Sepal

  • Seed

  • Stamen

  • Stem

  • Stigma

  • Stomata

  • Style

  • Tuber

  • Turgor Pressure

  • Vascular Bundle

  • Vascular Tissue

  • Vein

  • Venation

  • Ventilation

  • Vernalization

  • Vessel Element

  • Water Cycle

  • Wilt

  • Wood

  • Xerophyte

  • Xylem

  • Zone of Elongation

  • Zone of Maturation

  • Zone of Differentiation (Additional term to round off the list)

Soil and Nutrient Management:

Compost, Mulch, Fertilizer, pH, Soil Texture, Soil Structure, Humus, Macronutrients, Micronutrients, N-P-K (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium), Soil Aeration, Vermicomposting, Soil Amendment, Soil Profile, Loam, Sand, Silt, Clay, Peat, Chalk, Topsoil, Subsoil, Leaching, Erosion, Compaction, Soil Test, Drainage, Organic Matter, Soil Microorganisms, Soil Horizon

Pest and Disease Management:

Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Pesticide, Herbicide, Fungicide, Pathogen, Infestation, Biological Control, Quarantine, Resistance, Susceptibility, Vectors, Disease Cycle, Deficiency Diseases, Toxicity, Biotic Stress, Abiotic Stress, Parasite, Host, Disease Resistance, Disease Tolerance, Insecticide, Nematode, Fumigation, Damping Off, Mildew, Blight, Rot, Rust, Gall, Canker

Plant Propagation and Cultivation:

Cutting, Layering, Division, Transplanting, Hardening Off, Seedling, Cloning, Tissue Culture, Rootstock, Scion, Grafting Union, Budding, Air Layering, Stratification, Scarification, Direct Sowing, Indirect Sowing, Plug, Rooting Hormone, Heel Cutting, Tip Cutting, Leaf Cutting, Root Cutting, Seed Coat, Germination Rate, Viability, Vernalization, Cold Treatment, Heat Treatment, Thinning

Landscape Design and Maintenance:

Xeriscaping, Hardscaping, Irrigation, Drainage, Lawn Care, Topiary, Edging, Bedding, Perennial, Annual, Biennial, Groundcover, Border, Mass Planting, Specimen Planting, Foundation Planting, Terrace, Patio, Deck, Arbor, Trellis, Pergola, Espalier, Formal Garden, Informal Garden

Tools and Equipment:

Trowel, Pruner, Spade, Hoe, Rake, Dibber, Secateurs, Trellis, Sprinkler, Drip System, Greenhouse, Cold Frame, Hotbed, Wheelbarrow, Hose, Nozzle, Lawn Mower, Hedge Trimmer, Edger, Aerator, Scarifier, Soil Tester, pH Meter, Compost Bin, Garden Fork