Singleseed Hawthorn
Crataegus monogyna
Rosaceae · broadleaf · native
You spot English Hawthorn in hedgerows, disturbed sites, and pastures throughout the maritime Pacific Northwest, identified by its deeply lobed leaves, fragrant white flower clusters in spring, and persistent red fruit clusters into winter. This European native has naturalized widely in temperate regions.
English Hawthorn reaches 20-40 feet tall in sun to part shade with moderate water needs and excellent adaptation to varied soil types (zones 4a-8b). Dense, thorny growth suits hedging and wildlife plantings. Prune in late winter to shape; blooms form on old wood. Watch for leaf spots, cankers, fire blight (in warm, humid springs), and crown rot; hawthorn leafminer, calico scale, and lace bugs are common insects. Can become invasive if spreading unchecked.
Quick Facts
Phenological Calendar
| Stage | Typical Window |
|---|---|
| Bud break BBCH 07 | Feb 15-Mar 15 |
| Leaf emergence BBCH 11 | Mar 1-Apr 1 |
| Bloom start BBCH 61 | Apr 1-Apr 30 |
| Bloom end / petal fall BBCH 69 | Apr 15-May 15 |
| Fruit/seed development BBCH 71 | Jun 1-Aug 31 |
| Fruit/seed maturity BBCH 85 | Sep 1-Nov 30 |
| Fall color / leaf senescence BBCH 93 | Oct 1-Nov 15 |
| Dormancy BBCH 97 | Nov 15-Feb 28 |