Coneworm
Dioryctria spp.
94 host plants
Last updated
Data Coverage 1 of 6 dimensions
Coneworm larvae tunnel into fir and spruce cones, causing internal damage that ruins seed production and creates exit holes in the cone scales. Look for dark frass mixed with resin at cone entry points, usually on the outer scales. You may find small moths emerging from cones in late summer across Western Washington fir plantations and landscapes. Damage accumulates within cones where it is invisible until decay becomes obvious; heavily infested cones drop prematurely.
No effective cultural control exists once larvae are inside cones. Remove cones from the tree before August and burn or bury them to destroy pupae before emergence. This is feasible only for small ornamental trees; large stands are unmanageable. Accept cone loss on landscape trees; this does not significantly harm long-term growth or survival. Monitor for emerging moths using pheromone traps to inform any pesticide decisions on valuable seed-producing trees.
Quick Reference
Host Plants
94
Cultural Controls
- Remove and destroy infested twigs and cones when possible.
- Avoid wounding trees.
- Plant non-susceptible conifers where coneworms are a serious pest.
- Natural enemies of the coneworm are likely.
Host Plants (94)
Abies alba European Silver Fir, Common Silver Fir Abies amabilis Pacific Silver Fir Abies balsamea Balsam Fir Abies concolor White Fir, Colorado Fir Abies delavayi Delavay's Fir Abies grandis Grand Fir Abies koreana Korean Fir Abies lasiocarpa Subalpine Fir Rocky Mountain Fir, Alpine Fir Abies magnifica California Red Fir, Red Fir, Slivertip Fir Abies nordmanniana Nordmann Fir, Caucasian Fir Abies numidica Algerian Fir Abies pindrow West Himalayan Fir, Pindrow Fir Abies pinsapo Spanish Fir, Spanish Pin Fir Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana Moroccan Fir Abies procera Noble Fir Agathis australis Kauri Tāne Mahuta, Kauri Pine Araucaria araucana Monkey Puzzle Tree, Chilean Pine Araucaria bidwillii Bunya Pine Araucaria cunninghamii Hoop Pine, Moreton Bay Pine Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk Island Pine Athrotaxis laxifolia Tasmanian Pencil Pine, Summit Cedar Cephalotaxus harringtonia Japanese Plum Yew, Cow's Tail Pine Glyptostrobus pensilis Chinese Swamp Cypress, Water Pine Water Fir Shui song Microcachrys tetragona Creeping Pine, Creeping Strawberry Pine Picea abies Norway Spruce Picea abies var. pendula Weeping Norway Spruce, Pendulous Norway Spruce Picea asperata Dragon Spruce Picea breweriana Brewer Spruce, Brewer's Weeping Spruce Picea engelmannii Engelmann Spruce Picea gemmata Szechwan Spruce Picea glauca White Spruce, Canadian Spruce, Skunk Spruce Picea koyamae Koyama's Spruce, Yatsugatake-tohi [Japanese] Picea mariana Black Spruce, Bog Spruce, Swamp Spruce Picea omorika Serbian Spruce Picea orientalis Caucasian Spruce, Oriental Spruce Picea pungens Colorado Spruce Picea pungens var. glauca Colorado Blue Spruce Picea rubens Red Spruce Picea sitchensis Sitka Spruce Picea wilsonii Wilson's Spruce Pinus albicaulis Whitebark Pine, Scrub Pine, White Pine Pinus aristata Bristlecone Pine, Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Interior Bristlecone Pinus attenuata Knobcone Pine Pinus banksiana Jack Pine, Scrub Pine, Banksian Pine, Hudson Bay Pine Pinus bungeana Lacebark Pine, Whitebark Pine, Baipi Song Pinus canariensis Canary Island Pine Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine Pinus contorta Lodgepole Pine Pinus contorta var. contorta Shore Pine Pinus contorta var. latifolia Rocky Mountain Lodgepole Pine Pinus coulteri Coulter Pine, Bigcone Pine Pinus densiflora Japanese Red Pine Pinus edulis Pinyon Pine, Piñón Pine, Two-needle Pinyon Colorado Pinyon Pinus elliottii Slash Pine, Swamp Pine Pinus flexilis Limber Pine, Rocky Mountain White Pine Pinus halepensis Aleppo Pine, Jerusalem Pine Pinus heldreichii Bosnian Pine, Snakeskin Pine Pinus jeffreyi Jeffrey Pine, Western Yellow Pine, Bull Pine Pinus kwangtungensis Kwangtung Pine, Guangdong Pine Pinus lambertiana Sugar Pine Pinus leucodermis Bosnian Pine Pinus monophylla Singleleaf Pinon Pine, One-leaved Pine Pinus monticola Western White Pine Pinus mugo Mugo Pine Pinus mugo var. pumilio Mugo pine, Dwarf Mugo pine Pinus nigra Austrian Pine Pinus parviflora Japanese White Pine Pinus parvifola Pinus parvifola Pinus pinaster Maritime Pine, Cluster Pine, Turpentine Pine Pinus pinea Italian Stone Pine, Umbrella Pine Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa Pine, Western Yellow Pine Pinus pumila Japanese Stone Pine, Dwarf Siberian Pine Pinus radiata Monterey Pine Pinus resinosa Red Pine Pinus sabiniana Gray Pine, Foothill Pine Pinus strobiformis Southwestern White Pine, Mexican White Pine, Chihuahua White Pine Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine, Scotch Pine Pinus thunbergii Japanese Black Pine Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine, Scrub Pine, Jersey Pine Pinus wallichiana Himalayan Pine, Bhutan Pine Pinus yunnanensis Yunnan Pine Pseudotsuga macrocarpa Bigcone Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir Blue Douglas-fir Inland Douglas-fir Colorado Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga wilsoniana Taiwan Douglas-fir Sciadopitys verticillata Japanese Umbrella Pine, Umbrella Pine Taxus canadensis Canadian Yew, American Yew, Ground Hemlock Tsuga canadensis Canadian Hemlock, Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis var. pendula Weeping Hemlock Tsuga diversifolia Northern Japanese Hemlock Tsuga heterophylla Western Hemlock Tsuga mertensiana Mountain Hemlock Wollemia nobilis Wollemi Pine